¹Desiree A. Sagario, ²Dr. Dolores D. Versano

¹Secondary School Teacher II- JHS, 2 Part Timer Professor Graduate Studies and Applied Research (GSAR)

¹Callejon National High School, Callejon, San Antonio, Quezon, Philippines

²Laguna State Polytechnic University, San Pablo City, Laguna, Philippines

DOI : https://doi.org/10.58806/ijsshmr.2023.v2i9n04

Google Scholar Download Pdf
ABSTRACT

This study focused on the effects of Experiential Learning Approach in improving the students’ common competencies and attitudes towards agricultural activities, among Grade 8 students of Callejon National High School during the S.Y. 2022-2023. The respondents were purposively selected they are taking up Agri crop production as their elective in Technology and Livelihood Education subject. The researcher utilized the descriptive- correlational methods where it considers two entities: pretest and posttest of students the implementation of experiential learning in improving the common competencies students in agricultural crop production and attitude towards agricultural activities. The study utilized pretests/posttest and survey questionnaires as the main data-gathering instruments, t-test was used to determine a significant difference in student’s pretest and posttest score after the implementation of experiential learning, Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to determined relationship between student perception on experiential learning approach and their level of competencies and their attitude after the implementation of agricultural activities. The study revealed that the implementation Experiential Learning helps improved the level of student’s common competencies in agricultural crop production and attitude towards agricultural activities. Finally, it shows that there is significant relationship between students’ attitude and the implementation of experiential learning and utilization of agricultural activities.

KEYWORDS:

Agricultural activities, Common Competencies, Agricultural Crop Production Experiential Learning Approach, Attitude towards agricultural activities

REFERENCES

1) A critical perspective on learning outcomes and the effectiveness of experiential approaches in entrepreneurship education: Do we innovate or implement? Education + Training, 58(1), 82–93.

2) Amadi, N. S., & Nnodim, A. U. (2018). Role Of Agricultural Education Skills in Entrepreneurship Development in Rivers State. International Journal of Innovative Social & Science Education Research, 6(1), 9-18.

3) Amiri, A., Geravandi, S., & Rostami, F. (2021). Potential Effects of School Garden on Students' Knowledge, Attitude, And Experience: A Pilot Project on Sixth Grade Students in Iran. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 62, 127174.

4) Ballantyne, R., & Packer, J. (2002). Nature-based excursions: school students’ perceptions of learning in natural environments. International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, 11(3), 218–236. https://doi.org/10.1080/10382040208667488

5) Barnick, Anjali, "The Impact of a School Gardening Program on Nutrition Attitudes, Behaviors and Interests Amongst Fourth Grade Students" (2014). ETD Archive. 27. https://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/etdarchive/27

6) Basal, D. V. (2022). Instructional Competencies of Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) Teachers: Basis for a Competency-Based Module. Instructional Competencies ff Technology and Livelihood Education (Tle) Teachers: Basis for A Competency-Based Module, 96(1), 13-13.

7) Boggu, A. T., & Sundarsingh, J. (2019). An experiential learning approach to fostering learner autonomy among Omani students. Journal of language teaching and research, 10(1), 204.

8) Burek, K., & Zeidler, D. L. (2014). Ecojustice, Citizen Science and Youth Activism. In Seeing the Forest for The Trees! Conservation And Activism Through Socio Scientific Issues Switzerland: Springer International Publishing

9) Calanog, M. C. B. Challenges in Teaching Exploratory Courses of Technology and Livelihood Education using Pedagogical Approaches.

10) Calanog, M.C. (2019). Challenges in Teaching Exploratory Courses of Technology and Livelihood Education using Pedagogical Approaches International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management Volume-2, Issue-4, April-2019 www.ijresm.com | ISSN (Online): 2581-5792

11) Clark, R. W., Threeton, M. D., & Ewing, J. C. (2010). The Potential of Experiential Learning Models and Practices In Career and Technical Education & Career and Technical Teacher Education. Journal of Career and Technical Education, 25(2). https://doi.org/10.21061/jcte.v25i2.479

12) Cox, E. (2019, July 29). Experiential Learning and Learning Styles. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of International Studies. Retrieved 4 Aug. 2023, from https://oxfordre.com/internationalstudies/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.001.0001/acrefore-9780190846626-e-175.

13) Cruz, R. A. O. D. (2015). Persistence and retention towards degree completion of BS agriculture students in selected State Universities in Region IV-A, Philippines. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(13), 1543-1556.

14) DA CARAGA. Backyard gardening to secure every household’s food source Retrieved from https://pia.gov.ph/news/acticles/1037732.

15) DENR 6 ENCOURAGES ENHANCED FAMILY GARDENING https://www.denr.gov.ph/index.php/news-events/regional-releases/1609-denr-6-encourages-enhanced-family-gardening#.

16) Dolotallas, A and Nagtalon, J. (2015). The effects of experiential learning approach on the students’ performance in Filipino. Journal of Education and Social Policy. 2(6)

17) Driscoll, Liz et.al. (2016) NC State Extension. Teaching from the Garden: Creating Transformative Learning Landscapes at Schools 4-H-560 https://content.ces.nscu.edu./teaching-from-the-garden-creating-transformative-learning-landscapes-at-school

18) Durán Gabela, C., Trejos, B., Lamiño Jaramillo, P., & Boren-Alpízar, A. (2022). Sustainable Agriculture: Relationship between Knowledge and Attitude among University Students. Sustainability, 14(23), 15523.

19) Elliott, L. (2016). Experiential learning informs classroom instruction: Teaching environmental conservation in a middle school Spanish classroom. Excellence in Education Journal, 5(1), 24–52. Retrieved from https://searchebscohostcom.ezproxy.

20) Ernst, J. V. (2013). Impact of experiential learning on cognitive outcome in Technology and Engineering Teacher preparation. Journal of Technology Education, 24(2). https://doi.org/10.21061/jte.v24i2.a.3

21) Ezproxy.bethel.edu/login.aspx?Direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1211297&site=e ost-live score=site

22) Farrell, H., (2017). Gardening for Mindfulness. London: Mitchell Beazley.

23) Freeman et.al. 2014, Hake 1998; Springer, Stanne and Donovan 1999

24) Fritsch, E. M., Lechner-Walz, C., & Dreesmann, D. C. (2015). Hands-On Crops! How Long-Term Activities Improve Students' Knowledge of Crop Species. A Pretest-Posttest Study of the Greenhouse Project. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 10(5), 737-755.embers in Uganda. Journal of Agricultural Education, 55(5), 155-172.

25) Galhena, D.H., Freed, R. & Maredia, K.M. Home gardens: a promising approach to enhance household food security and wellbeing. Agric & Food Secur 2, 8 (2013). Https://doi.org/10.1186/2048-7010-2-8

26) Gavia, M. M., Cabingas, J. P., Rodriguez, N. P., & Pallo, J. E. (2021). Hands-on School-based Gardening: An Intervention for Teachers’ Well-being amidst Pandemic. American Journal of Medical Case Reports, 1(1), 41–46. https://doi.org/10.12691/jitl-1-1-8

106.https://doi.org/10.1002/cbe2.1011

28) Goldberg, A. (2013). Constructionist Approaches. In T. Hoffmann, & G. Trousdale (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Construction Grammar (pp. 15-31), Oxford: Oxford University Press.http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195396683.013.0002

29) Gorghiu, G., & Santi, E. A. (2016). Applications of Experiential Learning in Science Education Non-Formal Contexts. The European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences. https://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2016.11.33

30) Hannah, Katz (2020). Crisis Gardening: Addressing Barriers to Home Gardening during the COVID-19 Pandemic

31) Hawkins, R., & Osiru, M. (2012). Experiential learning: Theory and practice at three RUFORUM Universities. In Proceedings of the Third RUFORUM Biennial Conference.

32) Haynes, C (2007) Experiential Learning: learning by doing. Retrieved from http://adulteducation.wikibox.us/index.php?title= Experiential _Lear ng- Learning_by_Doing

33) Healey, M., Flint, A., & Harrington, K. (2014). Engagement through partnership: students as partners in learning and teaching in higher education. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264240134_Engagement_through_partnership_students_as_partners_in_learning_and_teaching_in_higher_education

34) Hickcox, L. K. (2002). Personalizing teaching through experiential learning. College Teaching, 50(4), 123-128.

35) higher education, simple terms yet with complex meanings: Theoretical and practical issues for university teachers and assessors implementing Competency-Based Education (CBE). Educational Process: international journal, 10(3): 39-52.

36) Hindustan Times (2020) Gadget Addiction among Children during lockdown cause of concern study https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/gadget -addiction-among children-during-lockdown-a-cause-of-concern-study/stor 2y2hmdpnevtzc6nbwdzn.html

37) Hipolito, E. R. (2021). Indoor and outdoor teaching: implication to performance and attitude in environmental literacy.

38) Holmes, A.G.D., Tuin, M.P., & Turner, S.L. (2021). Competence and competency in higher education, simple terms yet with complex meanings: Theoretical and practical issues for university teachers and assessors implementing Competency-Based Education (CBE). Educational Process: international journal, 10(3): 39-52.

39) https://learning.northeastern.edu/introduction-to-experiential-learning

40) https://pressofatlanticcity.com/currets_garzettes/brigantine/gardening-encouraged-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-cultivating-thoughts/article_c0c4d323-11c7-5af2-a96d-5c69b0984314.html

41) https://www.luc.edu/celts/resources/forcommunitypartners/learningcompetencies/#:~:text=a%20competency%20is%20defined%20as,%e2%80%9d%20(gervais%2c%202016).

42) Hurd, A. R., Elkins, D. J., Beggs, B. A. (2014). Using competencies to assess entry level knowledge of students graduating from parks and recreation academic programs. Schole, 29(1), 51-60.

43) Illeris, K. (2007). How we learn. In Routledge eBooks. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203939895

44) Imani, B., Allahyari, M. S., Bondori, A., Surujlal, J., & Sawicka, B. (2021). Determinants of organic food purchases intention: the application of an extended theory of planned behaviou

45) Inocian, R. B., & Nuneza, L. M. (2015). The “gulayan sa paaralan” (school vegetable garden) in response to sustainable development. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 11(8). Retrieved from https://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/view/5263.

46) Jake, Arneson (2012). Middle school student attitudes towards garden-based learning: A Case Study at Park Middle School

47) K-12 Basic Education Program Learning Material 7/8

48) Kaplan, K., & Topsakal, Ü. U. (2013). Primary School Students’ Attitudes toward Plants. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 89, 598–606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.08.901

49) Kolb, D. A. (2014). Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development. New Jersey: FT Press.

50) Kolb, D. A. (2015). Experiential Learning: Experience as the source of Learning and Development Second Edition. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315793484_Experiential_Learning_Experience_as_the_source_of_Learning_and_Development_Second_Edition

51) Kurt, Serhat (2020) Kolb’s Experiential Learning Theory https://educationaltechnology.net/kolbs-experiential-learning-theory-learning-styles.com

52) Lantis, J S. Kille, K.J., and Krain, M (2018). Active Teaching and Learning: The State of the Literature https://doi.org.10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.427

53) Leander Chester III Ponchatoula High School Ponchatoula, LA Philippines, Factor 12 Philippines: Agricultural Improvement

54) Lee, H. (2013). Lee, H., & Park, H.J. (2013). Testing the impact of message interactivity on relationship management and... ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261833353_Lee_H_Park_HJ_2013_Testing_the_impact_of_message_interactivity_on_relationship_management_and_organizational_reputation_Journal_of_Public_Relations_Research_252_188-206

55) Lideke, O. (2022). Determinants of students learning competencies in agriculture through hands-on experiences. African Journal of Science, Technology and Social Sciences, 1(2), 132-142.

56) Lineberger, S., & Zajicek, J. M. (2000). School gardens: Can a hands-on teaching tool affect students’ attitudes and behaviors regarding fruit and vegetables? Horttechnology, 10(3), 593–597. https://doi.org/10.21273/horttech.10.3.593

57) Lisa Giorday (2020). The Classroom Gardener

58) Luistro, A. (2012). K to 12 Basic education program. Implementation and way forward. Retrieved

59) Macchiarella, N.D.; Mirot, A.J. Scenario development for unmanned aircraft system simulation-based immersive experiential learning. J. Aviat. Educ. Res. 2018, 28, 63–79. [Google Scholar] [crossref]

60) Madayag, W., & Estanislao, H. (2021). Sector study on Philippine agriculture. ResearchGate.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353295428_Sector_Study_on_Philippine_Agriculture

61) Magulod Jr, G. C. (2018). The Effectiveness of Experience and Nature-Based Learning Activities in Enhancing Student’s Environmental Attitude. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences, 12(4), 127-138.)

62) Manalo, J. (2017). Rice, youth, and climate change! ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320987748_Rice_youth_and_climate_change

63) Manalo, J. A. (2017). Climate-smart agriculture: Do young people care? Agriculture and Development Notes, 8(4). Doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.29943.27046

64) Manolas, E., & Kehagias, T. I. (2005). Kolb’s experiential learning model: enlivening physics courses in primary education. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311984142_Kolb%27s_Experiential_Learning_Model_Enlivening_Physics_Courses_in_Primary_Education

65) Marites M. Gavia, Jolly P. Cabingas, Nympha P. Rodriguez, and Jerry E. Pallo, “Hands-on School-based Gardening: An Intervention for Teachers’ Well-being amidst Pandemic.” Journal of Innovations in Teaching and Learning, vol. 1, no. 1 (2021): 41-46. Doi: 10.12691/jitl-1-1-8.

66) Muchiri, P., Pintelon, L., Gelders, L., & Martin, H. (2011). Development of maintenance function performance measurement framework and indicators. International Journal of Production Economics, 131(1), 295–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2010.04.039

67) Mughal, F. &Zafar, A. (2011). Experiential learning from a constructivist perspective: reconceptualizing the Kolbian cycle. International Journal of Learning and Development 1 (2) Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/iijld.v1i2.1179.

68) Mukembo, S. C., Edwards, M. C., Ramsey, J. W., & Henneberry, S. R. (2014). Attracting Youth to Agriculture: The Career Interests of Young Farmers Club M

69) Mutmainah, M., Rukayah, R., & Indriayu, M. (2019). Effectiveness of experiential learning-based teaching material in Mathematics. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 8(1), 57. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v8i1.15903.

70) Nicolaides, A. (2012). Innovative teaching and learning methodologies for higher education Institutions. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268254061_Innovative_teaching_and_learning_methodologies_for_higher_education_Institutions

71) Njura, H. J., Kubai, K. I., Taaliu, S. T., & Shem Khakame, K. (2020). The relationship between agricultural teaching approaches and food security in Kenya. Education Research International, 2020, 1-18.

72) Northern Illinois University Center for Innovative Teaching and Learning. (2012). Experiential learning. In Instructional guide for university faculty and teaching assistants. Retrieved from https://www.niu.edu/citl/resources/guides/instructional-guide.

73) Okolocha Comfort, C., & Seledi, B. F. (2020). Effect Of Internship Experiential Learning on Students’academic Achievement In Utilization Of Model Office Technologies In Federal Colleges Of Education In South-South, Nigeria. Psychology, 4(1), 76-89.

74) Onanuga, P. A., Ifamuyiwa, A. S., & Alebiosu, K. A. (2021). Learning-By-Doing Instructional Strategy and Parents' Education in Determining Secondary Students' Attitude in Agricultural Science. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 18(2), 305-319. 75) Otekunrin, O. A., Otekunrin, O. A., & Oni, L. O. (2019). Attitude and academic success in practical agriculture: Evidence from public single-sex high school students in Ibadan, Nigeria. Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports, 4(3), 1-18.

76) Ozer, E. J. (2006). The Effects of school gardens on students and Schools: Conceptualization and Considerations for Maximizing Healthy Development. Health Education & Behavior, 34(6), 846–863. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198106289002

77) Palis, F. (2020). Aging Filipino rice farmers and their aspirations for their children. Philippine Journal of Science, 149(2), 351-361. Retrieved from: https://philjournalsci.dost.gov.ph/images/pdf/pjs_pdf/vol149no2/aging_filipino_rice_farmers_.pdf.

78) Pandemic Cultivating Thoughts

79) Pasia, M. (2019). Experiential Learning in Teaching Mathematics and Science in Public Secondary Schools in San Antonio, Quezon

80) Paulus, Asia Sierra, "Experiential Learning Best Practices and Successes in the K-8 Classroom" (2019). All Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 506. Https://spark.bethel.edu/etd/506

81) Plaka, V., & Skanavis, C. (2016). The feasibility of school gardens as an educational approach in Greece: a survey of Greek schools. International Journal of Innovation and Sustainable Development, 10(2), 141. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijisd.2016.075546

82) Prof, O. C., & Benstowe, F. S. (2021). Effect of internship experiential learning on students’ academic achievement in utilization of model Office technologies in federal Colleges of Education in South-South, Nigeria. British Journal of Education, Learning and Development Psychology, 4(1), 76–89. https://doi.org/10.52589/bjeldp-vfxpy4nd

83) Reshmad'sa, L., & Vijayakumari, S. N. (2017). Effect of Kolb's Experiential Learning Strategy on Enhancing Pedagogical Skills of Pre-Service Teachers of Secondary School Level. Journal on School Educational Technology, 13(2), 1-6.

84) Robinson, C. W., & Zajicek, J. M. (2005). Growing Minds: The effects of a one-year school garden program on six constructs of life skills of elementary school children. Horttechnology, 15(3), 453–457. https://doi.org/10.21273/horttech.15.3.0453

85) Rutgers, Michelle Casella (2020). Gardening Encouraged During the COVID-19

86) Rutgers, Michelle Casella (2020). The Importance of Gardening During the COVID-19 Pandemic 87) Salako, E., Eze, I., & Adu, E. (2013). Effects of cooperative learning on junior secondary school students' knowledge and attitudes to multicultural education concepts in social studies. Education, 133(3), 303-309.

88) Santiago, A., & Roxas, F. (2015). Reviving farming interest in the Philippines through agricultural entrepreneurship education. Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 5(4), 15-27.

89) Schreck, C. M., Weilbach, J. T., & Reitsma, G. M. (2020). Improving graduate attributes by implementing an experiential learning teaching approach: A case study in recreation education. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education, 26, 100214.

90) Schwartz, S. H. (2015). Basic individual values: Sources and consequences. In D. Sander and T. Brosch. . . ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277718092_Schwartz_S_H_2015_Basic_individual_values_Sources_and_consequences_In_D_Sander_and_T_Brosch_Eds_Handbook_of_value_Oxford_UK_Oxford_University_Press

91) Scott, J. M., Penaluna, A., & Thompson, J. L. (2016). A critical perspective on learning outcomes and the effectiveness of experiential approaches in entrepreneurship education: do we innovate or implement?. Education+ training, 58(1), 82-93.

92) Shiralkar, S. W. (2016). IT through experiential learning. In Apress eBooks. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-2421-2

93) Sivarajah, S., Smith, S. M., & Thomas, S. C. (2018). Tree cover and species composition effects on academic performance of primary school students. PLOS ONE, 13(2), e0193254. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193254

94) Smith, D. (n.d.). 8 principles. https://www.nsee.org/8-principles

95) Tadele, G., & Gella, A. A. (2012). ‘A last resort and often not an option at all’: farming and young people in Ethiopia. IDS Bulletin, 43(6), 33–43. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-5436.2012.00377.x

96) Toutain, O., Fayolle, A., Pittaway, L., & Politis, D. (2017). Role and impact of the environment on entrepreneurial learning. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 29(9-10), 869-888.

97) Voukelatou, G. (2019). The contribution of experiential learning to the development of cognitive and social skills in secondary education: A case study. Education Sciences, 9(2), 127.

98) Wood C. J., Pretty, J., and Gri, N. M., (2016). “A case-control study of the health and well-being benefits of allotment gardening”. Journal of Public Health, 38(3) 336-344.

99) Yardley, S., Teunissen, P. W., & Dornan, T. (2012). Experiential learning: Transforming theory into practice. Medical Teacher, 34(2), 161–164. Https://doiorg.ezproxy.bethel.edu/10.3109/0142159X.2012.643264Burek, K., & Zeidler, D. L. (2014). Ecojustice, citizen science and youth activism. In seeing the forest for the trees! Conservation and activism through socio scientific issues Switzerland: Springer International Publishing

VOlUME 02 ISSUE 09 SEPTEMBER 2023