JULY 2023

VOlUME 02 ISSUE 07 JULY 2023
Stepladder Technique in Teaching Literature and the Enhancement of Oral Communication among Grade 12 Students
Jherwin Cabrera
DepEd - Teacher II
DOI : https://doi.org/10.58806/ijsshmr.2023.v2i7n20

Google Scholar Download Pdf
ABSTRACT

This study aimed to determine the significant difference between the scores of the respondents before and after being exposed to stepladder technique in terms of articulation, logical organization, message, stage presence, and facial expressions. It sought answers to the questions: What is the pretest score of the respondents before being exposed to stepladder technique in terms of articulation, logical organization, message, stage presence, and facial expressions? What is the posttest score of the respondents after being exposed to stepladder technique in terms of articulation, logical organization, message, stage presence, and facial expressions? Is there a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores of the respondents before and after being exposed to stepladder technique in terms of articulation, logical organization, message, stage presence, and facial expressions? The respondents underwent the pretest. Then , stepladder technique was applied in the five literary lessons as an intervention. After all the lessons, the posttest was given. Finally, the posttest level of competence is significantly higher than the pretest, thus stepladder technique is effective. There is a significant difference between the respondents’ pretest and posttest scores. It improved their oral communication competence such as articulation, logical organization, message, stage presence, and facial expressions.

KEYWORDS:

Communicative Language Teaching, Oral Communication Competence, Stepladder Technique

REFERENCES

1) Cook, S.W. Chapter Four – Enhancing learning with hand gestures: Potential mechanisms. Retrieved March 16, 2023 from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0079742118300203

2) Department of Communication. 2015. Structuring the Speech. Retrieved September 26, 2022 from https://www.comm.pitt.edu/structuring-speech

3) Du, S., Tao, Y. and Martinez, A. 2014. Compound facial expressions of emotion. Retrieved March 16, 2023 from https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.1322355111

4) Linkin, 2023. How can you use facial expressions to enhance your creativity and problem-solving skiils? Retrieved April 30, 2023 from https://www.linkedin.com/advice/0/how-can-you-use-facial-expressions-enhance-yourcreativity#:~:text=Watching%20celebrities%2C%20role%20models%2C%20friends%2C%20family%2C%20or%20stra ngers,train%20and%20test%20your%20facial%20muscles%20and%20emotions.

5) Maquidato, I. 2021. The Experience of English Speaking Anxiety and Coping Strategies: A Transcendental Phenomenological Study. Retrieved February 28, 2023 from https://i-jte.org/index.php/journal/article/view/32

6) Merriam-Webster. 2023. Tension. Retrieved June 18, 2023 from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tension

7) Official Gazette. 2013. Implementing Rules and Regulations of the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013. Retrieved April 01, 2023 from https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2013/09/04/irr-republic-act-no-10533/

8) Sari, J. 2020. The Stepladder Technique. Retrieved September 23, 2022 from https://www.toolshero.com/decisionmaking/stepladder-technique/?fbclid=IwAR3aryyoOwXiPjtJ-O3jK6o_e2GfHjfIkt9bijlS0zJIHCePTwLPm8tvhPQ

9) Seenan, C. et al. 2016. Group Peer Teaching: A Strategy for Building Confidence in Communication and Teamwork Skills. Retrieved March 10, 2023 from https://journals.lww.com/jopte/Fulltext/2016/30030/Group_Peer_Teaching__A_Strategy_for_Building.8.aspx?fbclid=Iw AR2uAaqnFwW9PL8ciMflfaknyqrU0FtS1r_P88OW82R4M7W0yYHniovbFNE

10) Separa, L. A., Generales, L., and Medina, R. J. 2020. Situational Speaking Difficulties of English as Second Language Learners in the Philippines. Retrieved October 15, 2022 from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342658320_Situational_Speaking_Difficulties_of_English_as_Second_Langua ge_Learners_in_the_Philippines

11) Smart Words. 2023. Transition Words. Retrieved April 30, 2023 from https://www.smart-words.org/linkingwords/transition-words.html

12) Solmerano, E. T. et al. 2017. 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World. 1 st Ed. FASTBOOKS Educational Inc.

13) Syjueco. 2016. Oral Communication in Context. Diwa Learning Systems Inc. pp.1-5.

14) Van Zant, A. and Berger, J. How the voice persuades. Retrieved March 16, 2023 from https://psycnet.apa.org/buy/2019- 31309-001?te=1&nl=smarter-living&emc=edit_sl_20200729

VOlUME 02 ISSUE 07 JULY 2023

Indexed In