¹Myca F. Geneta,² Michelle B. Sarmiento, EdD

^1,2Bawi, Padre Garcia Batanags, 4224

DOI : https://doi.org/10.58806/ijsshmr.2023.v2i7n12

Google Scholar Download Pdf
ABSTRACT

The present study was focused on determining and analyzing the extent of home learning environment and parentteacher ecology towards the academic performance and positive social behavior of Grade 6 pupils in the S.Y. 2022-2023. The target respondents of the study included Grade 6 students. The study utilized the descriptive quantitative research design in gathering data and information for the completion of this research endeavor. The survey questionnaire was utilized as the main tool for the data gathering process of the research. The researcher concluded that that based on the students’ experience in their home learning environment, this is more related to the way that they are being influenced by the kind of environment they have at home; that the established good relations between parent and teacher can be concluded to have a significant role in terms of helping children or learners learn better and integrate or incorporate important values and attitudes into their lives as part of their daily learning experience at school; and that academic success among the learners can be concluded to be attainable with the help of parents and teachers and the willingness of the pupils themselves. On the other hand, the researcher recommended that conduct parent-teacher conferences and meetings help the parents develop better attitudes and approaches to guide their children in doing assignments or projects; that in order to enrich the parent-teacher ecology aspect, parent-teacher conferences are again recommended in order to effectively address any emergence of problems and misunderstandings between parents and teachers.

KEYWORDS:

academic performance, behavior, home learning environment, parent-teacher ecology

REFERENCES

1) Abuhassna, Hassan & Yahaya, Noraffandy. (2018). Students’ utilization of distance learning through an interventional online module based on Moore transactional distance theory. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education.

2) Ajmal, Muhammad and Ahmad, Saghir. (2019). Exploration of anxiety factors among students of distance learning: a case study of Allama Iqbal Open University. Bulletin of Education and Research Vol. 41 No. 2. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1229454.pdf

3) Alvarez Jr, Abel. (2020). The phenomenon of learning at a distance through emergency remote teaching amidst the pandemic crisis. 2020.10.5281/zenodo.3881529
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341978272_The_phenomenon_of_learning_at_a_distance_through_
emergency_remote_teaching_amidst_the_pandemic_crisis

4) Alves, A. F., Gomes, C. M. A., Martins, A., & Almeida, L. da S. (2017). Cognitive performance and academic achievement: How do family and school converge? European Journal of Education and Psychology, 10(2), 49–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejeps.2017.07.001

5) Arcilla, Jan. (2020). DepEd: most parents prefer modular learning. The Manila Times. Retrieved from https://www.manilatimes.net/2020/07/31/news/national/deped-most-parents-prefer-modular-learning/748207/

6) Alyahyan, Eyman and Dustegor, Dilek. (2020). Predicting academic success in higher education: literature review and best practices. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education Vol. 17 No. Retrieved from https://educationaltechnologyjournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s41239-020-0177-7

7) American Federation of Teachers. (2019). Building parent-teacher relationships. Reading Rockets. Retrieved from https://www.readingrockets.org/article/building-parent-teacher-relationships

8) Bartolome, Melissa T., Mamat, Nordin and Masnan, Abdul Halim. (2017). Parental involvement in the Philippines: a review of literatures. International Journal of Early Childhood Education Care Vol. 6. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1207994.pdf

9) Barnes, T. N., Smith, S. W., & Miller, M. D. (2014). School-based cognitive-behavioral interventions in the treatment of aggression in the United States: A meta-analysis. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 19, 311– 321. doi:10.1016/j.avb.2014.04.013

10) Belfield, C., Bowden, B., Klapp, A., Levin, H., Shand, R., & Zander, S. (2015). The economic value of social and emotional learning. New York, NY: Center for Benefit-Cost Studies in Education

11) Betlen, Eunicel A. (2021). Effect of modular learning approach on the academic achievement of students. Global Scientific Journals Vol. 9 Issue 7. Retrieved from
https://www.globalscientificjournal.com/researchpaper/EFFECT_OF_MODULAR_LEARNING_APPROACH_ON_THE
_ACADEMIC_ACHIEVEMENT_OF_STUDENTS.pdf

12) Bhamani, Shelina; Makhdoom, Areeba Zainab; Bharuchi, Vardah; Ali, Nasreen; Kaleem, Sidra and Ahmed, Dawood. (2020). Home learning in times of covid: experiences of parents. Journal of Education and Educational Development Vol. 7 No. 1. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1259928.pdf

13) Bobowski, Kara. (2018). 10 ways for teachers and parents to communicate better about assessments. NWEA. Retrieved from https://www.nwea.org/blog/2018/10-ways-for-teachers-parents-to-communicate-better-about-assessments/

14) Bolatov, Aidos K., Seisembekov, Telman Z., Askarova, Altynay Zh., Baikanova, Raushan K., Smailova, Dariga S. and Fabbro, Elisa. (2020). Online-learning due to covid-19 improved mental health among medical students. Medical Science Educator Vol. 31. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40670-020-01165-y

15) Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). Ecology of the family as a context for human development: research perspectives. Development Psychology, 22, 723–742.

16) Busch, Bradley. (2017). The science of teaching and learning – how can parents help students survive the exam season? The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/teacher-network/2017/may/11/how-can-parents-help-students-survive-the-exam-season

17) Darko-Adjei, Noah. (2019). The use and effect of smartphones in students’ activities: evidence from the university of Ghana, Legon. University of Nebraska- https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=6260&context=libphilprac

18) Dettmers, Swantje; Yotyodying, Sittipan and Jonkmann, Kathrin. (2019). Antecedents and outcomes of parental homework involvement: how do family-school partnerships affect parental homework involvement and student outcomes? Frontiers in Psychology. Retrieved from
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01048/full

19) Delfino, Armando P. (2019). Student engagement and academic performance of students of Partido State University. Partido State University. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1222588.pdf

20) Der Wal, Laura Van. (2020). Parent-teacher relationships and the effect on student success. Northwestern College, Iowa. Retrieved from
https://nwcommons.nwciowa.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1247&context=education_masters

21) Dong, Chuanmei; Cao, Simin and Li, Hui. (2020). Young children’s online learning during covid-19 pandemic: Chinese parents; beliefs and attitudes. Child Youth Service Review Vol. 118. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7476883/

22) Dziuban, Chuck & Graham, Charles & Moskal, Patsy & Norberg, Anders & Sicilia, Nicole. (2018). Blended learning: the new normal and emerging technologies. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education. 15. 10.1186/s41239-017-0087-5. Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323200713_Blended_learning_the_new_normal_and_emerging_technologies

23) Early Childhood Learning & Knowledge Center (ECLKC). (2020). Learning environments. Early Childhood Learning & Knowledge Center (ECLKC). Retrieved from https://eclkc.ohs.acf.hhs.gov/learning-environments

24) Firdoussi, Selwa El; Lachgar, Mohamed; Kabaili, Hind; Rochdi, Abdelali; Goujdami, Driss and Firdoussi, Larbi El. (2020). Assessing distance learning in higher education during the covid-19 pandemic. Hindawi Education Research International. Retrieved from https://www.hindawi.com/journals/edri/2020/8890633/

25) Foster, Marquita & Young, Jamaal & Young, Jemimah. (2017). Teacher perceptions of parental involvement and the achievement of diverse learners: a meta-analysis. Texas A&M University. Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327510327_Teacher_perceptions_of_parental_involvement_and_the_
achievement_of_diverse_learners_A_meta-analysis

26) Fuller, Cheri. (2017). Parents’ role in homework. Focus on the Family. Retrieved from https://www.focusonthefamily.com/parenting/parents-role-in-homework/

27) Goetchius, Andrea and Acree, Lauren. (2020). Tips for setting up an at-home learning environment for young students. Education Elements. Retrieved from https://www.edelements.com/blog/tips-for-setting-up-an-at-home-learning-environment-for-young-students

28) Gonzalez, Catalina. (2019). The role of parents in education transformation: a needs assessment guide. Hundred. Retrieved from https://hundred.org/en/articles/the-role-of-parents-in-education-transformation-a-needs-assessment-guide

29) Hamlin, Daniel. (2019). Should parents help their kids with homework? The Conversation. Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/should-parents-help-their-kids-with-homework-121973#:~:text=Many%20experts%20have%20found%20that,when%20they%20help%20with%20homework.

30) Henrich J., (2015) Culture and social behavior, Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, Volume 3, , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2015.02.001.

31) Hoffses, Kathryn. (2018). 10 ways to help your teen succeed in high school. Kids Health. Retrieved from https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/school-help-teens.html

32) Imam, Muhammad Yasir; Jannat, Nabila; Khan, Gul Sher; Saleem, Asima and Fatima, Saman. (2020). Part of teachers and parents in children’s education. OSF. Retrieved from https://osf.io/fkp5w/download

33) Inner Drive Organization. (2021). What is the ideal home learning environment? Inner Drive Organization. Retrieved from https://blog.innerdrive.co.uk/ideal-home-learning-environment

34) Jain, Komal and Mohta, Sarika. (2019). The impact of home environment on academic achievement of secondary school students. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Vol. 3 Issue 4. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334123743_The_Impact_of_Home_Environment_on_Academic_
Achievement_of_Secondary_School_Students#:~:text=The%20data%20revealed%20a%20positive,to%20improve%
20their%20academic%20performance.

35) Jaiswal, Sandeep. (2017). Role of parental involvement and some strategies that promote parental involvement. Banaras Hindu University. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324030112_role_of_parental_involvement_and_some_strategies_
that_promote_parental_involvement

36) John-Akinola, Yetunde O. and Nic-Gabhainn, Saoirse. (2014). Children’s participation in school: a cross-sectional study of the relationship between school environments, participation and health and well-being outcomes. BMC Public Health Vol. 14 No. 964. Retrieved from https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2458-14-964

37) Johnson, Jennifer; Perrigo, Judith L., Deavonport-Saman, Alexis; Wee, Choo Phei; Imagawa, Karen Kay; Schonfeld, David J., and Vanderbilt, Douglas. (2021). Effect of home environment on academic achievement in child protective service-involved children: results from the second national survey of child and adolescent well-being study. Child Abuse & Neglect Vol. 111. Retrieved from
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0145213420304610

38) Jones, Marie. (2018). Reasons for obeying rules at school. Classroom. Retrieved from https://classroom.synonym.com/reasons-obeying-rules-school-8624525.html

39) Kayser, Abigail Amoako. (2021). What is academic success (student learning)? Peers and Pedagogy. Retrieved from https://achievethecore.org/peersandpedagogy/what-is-academic-success/

40) Kebritchi, Mansureh & Lipschuetz, Angie & Santiague, Lilia. (2017). Issues and challenges for teaching successful online courses in higher education: a literature review. Journal of Educational Technology Systems. 46. 4-29. 10.1177/0047239516661713. Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319013030_Issues_and_Challenges_for_Teaching_Successful_Online_Courses
_in_Higher_Education_A_Literature_Review

41) Keyes, Carol R. (2016). Parent-teacher partnerships: a theoretical approach for teachers. Raising a Reader. Retrieved from https://raisingareaderma.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Parent-Teacher-Partnerships-article.pdf

42) Khan, Farooq Nawaz; Begum, Mehnaz and Imad, Maryum. (2019). Relationship between students’ home environment and their academic achievement at secondary school level. Pakistan Journal of Distance & Online Learning Vol. 5 Issue 2. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1266643.pdf

43) Kiser, Selena. (2020). The value of parents helping with homework. Teach Hub. Retrieved from https://www.teachhub.com/professional-development/2020/09/the-value-of-parents-helping-with-homework/

44) Kokemuller, Neil. (2019). Importance of college preparation. Education Seattle PI. Retrieved from https://education.seattlepi.com/importance-college-preparation-1024.html

45) Kritz, Ben. (2020). School plan seems headed for disaster. The Manila Times. Retrieved from https://www.manilatimes.net/2020/06/09/business/columnists-business/school-plan-seems-headed-for-disaster/730482/

46) Lagua, Benel D. (2020). Teaching in the new normal. The Manila Times. Retrieved from https://www.manilatimes.net/2020/10/30/business/columnists-business/teaching-in-the-new-normal/788762/

47) Lapada, Aris & Robledo, Dave Arthur & Miguel, Frosyl & Alam, Zeba. (2020). Teachers’ covid-19 awareness, distance learning education experiences and perceptions towards institutional readiness and challenges. 19. 10.26803/ijlter.19.6.8. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342992348_Teachers'_Covid-19_Awareness_Distance_Learning_Education_Experiences_and_Perceptions_towards_Institutional_
Readiness_and_Challenges

48) Lardizabal-Dado, Noemi. (2020). Challenges parents face in education’s new normal. The Manila Times. Retrieved from https://www.manilatimes.net/2020/08/09/business/sunday-business-i-t/challenges-parents-face-in-educations-new-normal/752688/

49) Lehrl, Simone; Evangelou, Maria and Sammons, Pam. (2020). The home learning environment and its role in shaping children’s educational development. School Effectiveness and School Improvement – An International Journal of Research, Policy and Practice Vol. 31 Issue 1. Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09243453.2020.1693487

50) Llego, Mark Anthony. (2019). The importance of parental involvement in education. Teacher PH. Retrieved from https://www.teacherph.com/parental-involvement-education/#:~:text=When%20parents%20are%20involved%20in,parents%20and%20their%20child's%20school.

51) Liftoff, Learning. (2017). Why a parent’s role is essential to student success. Learning Liftoff. Retrieved from https://www.learningliftoff.com/why-a-parents-role-is-essential-to-student-success/

52) Logsdon, Ann. (2021). The important role of parents in special education. Very Well Family. Retrieved from https://www.verywellfamily.com/parental-importance-special-education-2162701

53) Martin, Taylor. (2022). Why classroom rules are important and how to communicate them. ESpark Learning. Retrieved from https://www.esparklearning.com/blog/why-classroom-rules-are-important-and-how-to-communicate-them

54) Miller,P. H. (2011). Theoriesof developmental psychology(5th ed.). New York, NY: Worth Publishers. ISBN: 9781429216340

55) Mohamad, Zaid. (2019). Smart parenting: parents’ role during exam season. New Straits Times. Retrieved from https://www.nst.com.my/lifestyle/sunday-vibes/2019/10/529382/smart-parenting-parents-role-during-exam-season

56) Mpungose, Cedric B. (2020). Emergent transition from face-to-face to online learning in a South African university in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. Humanities & Social Sciences Communications Vol. 7. Retrieved from https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-020-00603-x

57) Murphy, M. C. (2020). Bronfenbrenner’s bio-ecological model: a theoretical framework to explore the forest school approach? Journal of Outdoor and Environmental Education, 23(2), 191–205. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42322-020-00056-5

58) Mahendru, Srishti. (2018). Exam tips for parents: 9 ways to help your child do well in board exams. Mindler. Retrieved from https://www.mindler.com/blog/how-parents-can-help-children-in-board-exams/

59) Mapigano, Raymond Fidelis. (2018). The effects of home learning environment on academic achievement among primary school children in Mbeya City, Tanzania. University of Tanzania. Retrieved from http://repository.out.ac.tz/1932/1/dissertation%20-%20raymond%20fidelis%20mapigano_18072018.pdf

60) Mendoza, John Eric. (2020). Aides to help teachers in distance learning. The Manila Times. Retrieved from https://www.manilatimes.net/2020/09/29/news/top-stories/aides-to-help-teachers-in-distance-learning/773563/

61) Merrell, K. W. , "School social behavior scales user's guide," Paul H. Brookes Publishing, 2008.

62) Merrell, K. W. , "Using behavioral rating scales to assess social skills and antisocial behavior in school settings: Development of the School Social Behavior Scales," School Psychology Review, 1993.

63) Merrell, K. W. , "The utility of the School Social Behavior Scales in differentiating students with behavioral disorders from other handicapped students," Severe Behavior Disorders of Children? and Youth, Vol. 15, 1992, pp. 27–34.

64) Niklas, Frank; Cohrssen, Caroline; Lehrl, Simone and Napoli, Amy R. (2021). Editorial: children’s competencies development in the home learning environment. Frontiers in Psychology Vol. 12. Retrieved from https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.706360/full

65) Nick Cooper,( April 2020) Does Your Home Environment Affect Your Ability to Learn? https://www.ncchomelearning.co.uk/blog/does-your-home-environment-affect-your-ability-to-learn/

66) Norman, Nic. (2020). Create a productive learning environment at home. Mobile Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.mobileguardian.com/creating-a-productive-learning-environment-at-home/?cn-reloaded=1

67) Ntekane, Abie. (2018). Parental involvement in education. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324497851_parental_involvement_in_education

68) Obana, Jess. (2020). What will schools look like under the ‘new normal’? The Manila Times. Retrieved from https://www.manilatimes.net/2020/05/13/business/columnists-business/what-will-schools-look-like-under-the-new-normal/724556/

69) O’Doherty, Diane; Dromey, Marie; Lougheed, Justan; Hannigan, Ailish; Last, Jason and McGrath, Deidre. (2018). Barriers and solutions to online learning in medical education – an integrative review. BMC Medical Education. Retrieved from https://bmcmededuc.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12909-018-1240-0

70) Ontario Ministry of Education. (2010). Parents in Partnership: A Parent Engagement Policy for Ontario Schools.

71) Ontario Ministry of Education. (2007). Shared Solutions: A Guide to Preventing and Resolving Conflicts Regarding Programs and Services for Students with Special Education Needs.

72) Palvia, Shailendra; Aeron, Prageet; Gupta, Parul; Mahapatra, Diptiranjan; Parida,

73) Ratri, Rosner, Rebecca and Sindhi, Sumita. (2018). Online education: worldwide status, challenges, trends and implications. Journal of Global Information Technology Management Vol. 21 Issue 4. Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1097198X.2018.1542262

74) RashmitaS. Mistrya, , , Aprile D. Bennerb, Jeremy C. Biesanzc, Shaunna L.Clarka, Carollee Howesa (2010), Familyand social risk, and parental investments during the early childhoodyears as predictors of low-income children`s school readinessoutcomes

75) Romero, Alexis. (2020). Palace to parents: enroll your children. PhilStar Global. Retrieved from https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2020/05/28/2017058/palace-parents-enroll-your-children

76) Rotas, Erwin. (2020). Parents' distance learning modality preferences for their children in the new normal post-covid-19 era: a survey report. Covid-19 & Education
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343334983_Parents'_Distance_Learning_Modality_Preferences_for
_their_Children _in_the_New_Normal_Post-COVID-19_Era_A_Survey_Report

77) Sari, Tamer and Nayir, Funda. (2020). Challenges in distance education during the (covid-19) pandemic period. Qualitative Research in Education Vol. 9 No. 3. Retrieved https://hipatiapress.com/hpjournals/index.php/qre/article/view/5872

78) Santelli, Beverly; Robertson, Sarah N., Larson, Elizabeth K. and Humphrey, Samia. (2020). Procrastination and delayed assignment submissions: student and faculty perceptions of late point policy and grace within an online learning environment. Grand Canyon University – Online Learning Journal Vol. 24 Issue 3. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1271877.pdf

79) Sharna, Kajal. (2019). Importance of social skills for students. The Asian School. Retrieved from https://www.theasianschool.net/blog/importance-of-social-skills-for-students/

80) Sheridan, Susan M. (2018). Establishing healthy parent-teacher relationships for early learning success. Early Learning Network. Retrieved from https://earlylearningnetwork.unl.edu/2018/08/29/parent-teacher-relationships/

81) Suskie, L. (2009). Assessing Student Learning: A Common Sense Guide. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. csuchico.edu/assessment/assessment-planning-definitions/assessing-learning.shtml

82) Shchitov, Alexander G., Shchitov, Ol’ga G., Shchitova, Daria A., Stasinska, Polina and Chieu, Doan T.C. (2015). Features of the learning modular system module use in teaching the Russian language to Russian and foreign students at an institution of higher education. International Conference for International Education and Cross-Cultural Communication. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042815059686/pdf?md5=afaaeb6d1b1334f7ee99e6b06630616d&pid=1-s2.0-S1877042815059686-main.pdf

83) Son, S.-H., & Morrison, F. J. (2010). The nature and impact of changes in home learning environment on development of language and academic skills in preschool children. Developmental Psychology, 46(5), 1103–1118. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020065

84) Sun, Anna and Chen, Xiufang. (2016). Online education and its effective practice: a research review. Journal of Information Technology Education: Research Vol. 15. Retrieved from http://www.jite.org/documents/Vol15/JITEv15ResearchP157-190Sun2138.pdf

85) Tadese, Mesfin; Yeshaneh, Alex and Mulu, Getaneh Baye. (2022). Determinants of good academic performance among university students in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Medical Education Vol. 22 No. 395.

86) Tanhueco-Tumapon, Teresita. (2017). Creating a culture of student engagement. The Manila Times. Retrieved from https://www.manilatimes.net/2017/09/08/opinion/analysis/creating-culture-student-engagement-2/349379/

87) Tria, Jose Z. (2020). The covid-19 pandemic through the lens of education in the Philippines: the new normal. International Journal of Pedagogical Development and Lifelong Learning Vol. 1 No. 1. Retrieved from https://www.ijpdll.com/download/the-covid-19-pandemic-through-the-lens-of-education-in-the-philippines-the-new-normal-8311.pdf

88) Tullis, Jonathan G. and Goldstone, Robert L. (2020). Why does peer instruction benefit student learning? Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications Vol. 5 No.15.

89) Usman, Yunusa Dangara and Madudili, Chinyere Geraldine. (2019). Evaluation of the effect of learning environment on student’s academic performance in Nigeria. ERIC. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED602386.pdf

90) VanBummelen, H. (2002). Steppingstones to curriculum(2nd ed.). Colorado Springs, CO: Purposeful Design Publications.ISBN: 9781583310236.

91) Varkey Foundation. (2021). Parent-teacher partnerships – the need for renewed collaboration in the time of covid-19. Varkey Foundation. Retrieved from https://www.varkeyfoundation.org/what-we-do/research/parent-teacher-partnerships

92) Western Governors University. (2021). 3 types of learning environments. Western Governors University. Retrieved from https://www.wgu.edu/blog/3-types-learning-environments2111.html#close

93) Wilczewski, Michal; Gorbaniuk, Oleg and Giuri, Paola. (2021). The psychological and academic effects of studying from the home and host country during the covid-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology Vol. 12. Retrieved from https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.644096/full

94) Younas, Muhammad & Liu, Chao & Khalid, Sohaib & Bakar, Abu. (2020). Effect of home environment on students' academic achievements at higher level.

95) York, Gibson & Rankin, Academic Success, Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, Vol 20, No 5

96) Ziraldo, L. (2016). “Working Together: Effective Advocacy and Collaboration”. PowerPoint Slide Presentation

VOlUME 02 ISSUE 07 JULY 2023