Submit Articles editor@ijsshmr.com

MAY 2023

VOlUME 02 ISSUE 05 MAY 2023
Jombang Muslim thoughts on Mosque Closure During Covid-19 Pandemic To Prevent the Spread of Coronavirus Disease from the Perspective of Islamic Theology
1Hammis Syafaq, 2Nur Lailatul Musyafa’ah, 3Siti Tatmainul Qulub
1Department of Dirasat Islamiyyah, Postgraduate (Doctoral), Sunan Ampel State Islamic University, Jl. A. Yani 117 Surabaya,Indonesia
2Department of Islamic Criminal Law, Faculty of Shariah and Law, Sunan Ampel State Islamic University, Jl. A. Yani 117 Surabaya, Indonesia
3Department of Falak (Islamic Astronomy), Faculty of Shariah and Law, Sunan Ampel State Islamic University, Jl. A. Yani 117 Surabaya, Indonesia
DOI : https://doi.org/10.58806/ijsshmr.2023.v2i5n04

Google Scholar Download Pdf
ABSTRACT

During the Covid-19 pandemic, the Indonesian government suggests closing worship places, including mosques, to prevent Coronavirus infection. This article discusses the thought of Muslim society in Jombang, East Java, an area with ferventlyreligious citizens, about the government's regulation of mosque closure during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study is qualitative. The data was collected in Jombang through observation, interview, and documentation. This study shows that Muslim society in Jombang, East Java, has various opinions about the government's regulation of mosque closure during the Covid-19 pandemic. All mosques in this study remain open during the Covid-19 pandemic; only the Baitul Mukminin mosque has ever cancelled Eid alFitr prayers. The reason presented is that the mosque implements health protocols, so it is safe for worship. In addition, they believe that diseases come from God, so they must get closer to Allah by worshipping in mosques and mosques as places of da'wa. During the Covid-19 pandemic, mosque income decreased. From the worshipper's perspective, they worship at mosques because mosques implement health protocols or because residents do not believe in Covid-19, so they continue to worship as usual. Worshippers who worship at home assume to maintain health and feel uncomfortable worshipping in the mosque because it is complicated to comply with health protocols. From the perspective of Islamic theology, the policy of mosque ta'mirs in Jombang not to close mosques during the Covid-19 pandemic, and residents who are still active in going to mosques is according to QS. At-Tawbah 9: Verse 18 is about prospering mosques. To prevent the spread of Covid-19, they implement health protocols. Meanwhile, those who do not go to the mosque obey the government's recommendation to worship at home because they are in emergency conditions and because of the benefit of maintaining the soul so as not to transmit/contract Covid-19.

KEYWORDS:

Covid-19, mosque closure, ta'mir, worshipper, Islamic theology.

REFERENCES

1) Alan. 2020. “Jamaah of Sabilil Muttaqin Mosque, Jombang.” Interview, September 29.

2) Alyanak, Oğuz. 2020. "Faith, Politics and the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Turkish Response." Medical Anthropology: Cross Cultural Studies in Health and Illness 39(5):374–75. doi: 10.1080/01459740.2020.1745482.

3) An-Nawawi, Abu Zakariya Muhyiddin bin Syaraf. n.d. “Riyadh Al-Salihin.” Sunnah.Com. Retrieved (https://sunnah.com/riyadussalihin:1674).

4) Anam. 2020. "Interview." Ta'mir of Roudhatul Jannah Mosque, December 1.

5) Anon. 2020a. “Jombang Sepakati Sholat Ied Di Rumah Masing – Masing.” Suarapendidikan.Com.

6) Anon. 2020b. "Muslim Population By Country 2020." Https://Worldpopulationreview.Com/Country-Rankings/MuslimPopulation-by-Country.

7) Bendebka, Ramzi, Amar Fettane, and Ibrahim Shogar. 2020. "Preventive Medicine and Maqasid Al-Shari'ah: The Case of Covid-19." Revelation and Science 10(01):1–12.

8) Bupati Jombang. 2020a. Peraturan Bupati Jombang Nomor 57 Tahun 2020 Tentang Penerapan Disiplin Dan Penegakan Hukum Protokol Kesehatan Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Dan Pengendalian Corona Virus Disease 2019. Jombang, Indonesia.

9) Bupati Jombang. 2020b. Surat Edaran Bupati Nomor 251/2804/415.10.1.2/2020 Tentang Panduan Ibadah Bulan Suci Ramadan Tahun 1441 H/2020 M. Jombang.

10) Cucinotta, Domenico, and Maurizio Vanelli. 2020. "WHO Declares COVID-19 a Pandemic." Acta Biomedica 91(1):157–60. doi: 10.23750/abm.v91i1.9397.

11) Damayanti, Theresia Woro. 2018. "Tax Compliance: Between Intrinsic Religiosity and Extrinsic Religiosity." Journal of Economics, Business & Accountancy Ventura 21(1):41–49. doi: 10.14414/jebav.v21i1.1061.

12) DeFranza, David, Mike Lindow, Kevin Harrison, Arul Mishra, and Himanshu Mishra. 2020. "Religion and Reactance to COVID-19 Mitigation Guidelines." American Psychologist. doi: 10.1037/amp0000717.

13) Detsky, Allan S., and Isaac I. Bogoch. 2020. "Covid-19 in Canada Experience and Response." JAMA 324(8):743–44. doi: doi:10.1001/jama.2020.14033.

14) Hailu, Workagegnehu. 2021. "Compliance, Barriers, and Facilitators to Social Distancing Measures for Prevention of COVID-19 in Northwest Ethiopia, 2020." Current Therapeutic Research 94:1–23. doi: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs68688/v1 License:

15) Hale, Thomas, Noam Angrist, Emily Cameron-Blake, Beatriz Kira, Toby Phillips, and Samuel Webster. 2020. "Variation in Government Responses to Covid-19." BSG Working Paper Series 1–23.

16) Hamam. 2020. “Ta’mir of Al-Abror Mosque.” Interview, September 29.

17) Hanafi, Yusuf, Ahmad Taufiq, Muhamad Saefi, M. Alifudin Ikhsan, Tsania Nur Diyana, Andy Hadiyanto, Yedi Purwanto, and Ahmad Imam Mawardi. 2020. "Indonesian Ulema Council Fatwa On Religious Practices During Covid19 Pandemic: An Investigation Of Muslim Compliance." Research Square 1–23. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-33784/v1.

18) Hanbal, Ahmad ibn. n.d. "Musnad." Hadithprophet.Com. Retrieved (https://hadithprophet.com/hadith-13935.html).

19) Ima. 2020. “Ta’mir of Baitul Mukminin Mosque, Jombang.” Interview, December 1.

20) Imtyaz, Ayman, Abid Haleem, and Mohd Javaid. 2020. "Analysing Governmental Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic." Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research 10(4):504–13. doi: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2020.08.005.

21) Inagatha. 2020. “Jama’ah of Al-Hidayah Mosque in Kabuh, Jombang.” Interview, September 29.

22) Ismi. 2020. “Jama’ah of Al-Rohman Mosque, Jombang.” Interview, September 29.

23) Jeje. 2020. "Ta'mir of Jombang Permai Mosque." Interview, October 20.

24) Khasandy, Elleriz Aisha, and Rudy Badrudin. 2019. "The Influence of Zakat on Economic Growth and Welfare Society in Indonesia." Integrated Journal of Business and Economics 3(1):65. doi: 10.33019/ijbe.v3i1.89.

25) Komisi Fatwa Majelis Ulama. 2020. Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia Nomor 14 Tahun 2020 Tentang Penyelenggaran Ibadah Dalam Situasi Terjadi Wabah Covid-19. Vol. 14. Jakarta.

26) Kuipers, Nicholas, Saiful Mujani, and Thomas Pepinsky. 2020a. "Encouraging Indonesians to Pray From Home During the COVID-19 Pandemic." Journal of Experimental Political Science 1–12. doi: 10.1017/xps.2020.26.

27) Kuipers, Nicholas, Saiful Mujani, and Thomas Pepinsky. 2020b. "Encouraging Indonesians to Pray From Home During the COVID-19 Pandemic." Journal of Experimental Political Science 1–11. doi: 10.1017/XPS.2020.26.

28) Kwok, K. O., F. Y. L. Lai, V. W. I. Wei, M. T. F. Tsoi, S. Y. S. Wong, and J. W. T. Tang. 2020. "Comparing the Impact of Various Interventions to Control the Spread of COVID-19 in Twelve Countries." Journal of Hospital Infection 106(1):214–16. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.06.029.

29) Majelis Ulama Indonesia. 2020. “Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia Nomor 28 Tahun 2020 Tentang Panduan Kaifiat Takbir Dan Shalat Idul Fitri Saat Pandemi Covid-19 Komisi.” Majelis Ulama Indonesia hlm. 1-12.

30) Menteri Agama RI. 2020. “Panduan Penyelenggaraan Kegiatan Keagamaan Di Rumah Ibadah Dalam Mewujudkan Masyarakat Produktif Dan Aman Covid -19 Di Masa Pandemi.” Peraturan Menteri Agama Republik Indonesia 1–4.

31) Menteri Kesehatan RI. 2020. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 9 Tahun 2020 Tentang Pedoman Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar Dalam Rangka Percepatan Penanganan Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19).

32) Nailatin. 2020. “Jamaah of Jombang Permai Mosque.” Interview, October 20.

33) Nurani. 2020. “Meski PSBB, NU Sidoarjo Tetap Sholat Jumat Dan Tarawih Di Masjid.” Nurani.Com, April 29.

34) PBNU. 2020. “Surat Edaran PBNU Nomor 3953/C.I.034/04/2020.” Jakarta: PBNU.

35) Pimpinan Pusat Muhammadiyah. 2020. “Edaran Pimpinan Pusat Muhammadiyah Nomor 02/Edr/I.0/E/2020 Tentang Tuntunan Ibadah Dalam Kondisi Darurat Covid-19.” Yogyakarta: Majelis Tarjih dan Tajdid Pimpinan Pusat Muhammadiyah.

36) Presiden Republik Indonesia. 2020a. Keputusan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 12 Tahun 2020 Tentang Penetapan Bencana Non Alam Penyebaran Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid_19) Sebagai Bencana Nasional. Jakarta, Indonesia.

37) Presiden Republik Indonesia. 2020b. Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 21 Tahun 2020 Tentang Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar Dalam Rangka Percepatan Penanganan Coronavirus Disease 2019/COVID-19. Indonesia.

38) Quadri, Sayed A. 2020. "COVID-19 and Religious Congregations: Implications for Spread of Novel Pathogens." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 96:219–21. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.007.

39) Ren, Xuefei. 2020. "Pandemic and Lockdown: A Territorial Approach to COVID-19 in China, Italy and the United States." Eurasian Geography and Economics 61(4–5):423–34. doi: 10.1080/15387216.2020.1762103.

40) Riza, Kemal. 2020. “Ta’mir of Ta’miriyyah Mosque, Jombang.” Interview, October 30.

41) Shah, Syed Ghulam Sarwar. 2020. "Doctors in Pakistan Denounce Opening of Mosques for Congregational Prayers during Ramadan amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: Correspondence." International Journal of Surgery 79(May):40–41. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.05.006.

42) Subhan, Masduqi. 2020. "Ta'mir of Al-Ridlo Mosque." Interview, December 1.

43) Syafi'i, Muhammad. 2020. “UPDATE: 1 Warga Jombang Positif Covid-19, Awalnya Berstatus PDP Dan Dinyatakan Sehat.” March 30, 1–2.

44) Triraharjo, Mardiansyah. 2020. “Salah Satu Pengasuh PPBU Tambakberas Meninggal Akibat Covid-19.” Radarjombang, September 2, 1–2.

45) Yaqin, Nurul. 2020. “Tangkal Covid-19, Bupati Jombang: Waspadai Kluster Baru Pesantren.” Kabarjombang, September 1, 1–2.

46) Yezli, Saber, and Anas Khan. 2020a. "COVID-19 Pandemic: It Is Time to Temporarily Close Places of Worship and to Suspend Religious Gatherings." Journal of Travel Medicine 1–2. doi: 10.1093/jtm/taaa065.

47) Yezli, Saber, and Anas Khan. 2020b. "COVID-19 Social Distancing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Bold Measures in the Face of Political, Economic, Social and Religious Challenges." Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease (March):101692. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101692.

48) Zhan, Qi-yuan, Yi-ning Niu, Hao-hong Zhang, Shi-hong Zhang, Hong-yu Liu, Jing-wei Dong, and Hui-jia Li. 2020. "The Overview of Global Development and Control of COVID-19." X(May 2019):1–10.

VOlUME 02 ISSUE 05 MAY 2023

Indexed In